Public Nutrition Policy and Social Welfare in Indonesia through an Islamic Economic Lens

Abstrak

Public nutrition programs have gained increasing attention as instruments for addressing human capital development and social welfare. However, existing studies tend to evaluate such programs from technocratic and policy perspectives, with limited engagement with normative economic frameworks that emphasize ethical distribution and social justice. This study examines Indonesia’s Free Nutritious Meal Program (MBG) through an Islamic economic lens to assess its role in advancing social welfare and community resilience. This research employs a qualitative library approach, drawing on policy documents, regulatory frameworks, official reports, and scholarly literature. Data were analyzed using content analysis grounded in the normative principles of Islamic economics. The findings indicate that the program operates not only as a nutritional intervention but also as a socio-economic instrument linking human development with local economic participation. The involvement of micro and small enterprises and the use of local food resources contribute to broader economic circulation and community-level empowerment. From the perspective of maqasid al-shariah, the program aligns with the protection of life, intellect, and wealth, while also reflecting distributive justice when implemented transparently and accountably. The integration of ethical governance principles further reinforces institutional legitimacy and supports equitable benefit distribution. This study contributes by positioning public nutrition policy as a value-oriented welfare mechanism that connects state intervention, market participation, and ethical economic principles. The findings highlight the importance of integrating normative economic frameworks into policy evaluation to strengthen inclusive and sustainable development outcomes.